Micronutrients
The VITAL trial gave 25,871 adults 2000 IU daily; cancer and heart events did not move.
Not yet investigated
The VITAL trial gave 25,871 adults 2000 IU daily; cancer and heart events did not move.
This star is on the map because the show intends to take the question apart properly — the trials, how it is actually tested, whether the thing sold is the thing studied. That work is not done yet, and nothing here should be read as a conclusion. When the investigation is published it will appear on this page.
What we are reading
Gathered for the investigation and not yet written up. Each note says what the paper does and does not show.
Physiological Reviews, and it settles the 'vitamin D is a hormone' point on the mechanism rather than on rhetoric. 1,25(OH)2D3 is described as the HORMONALLY ACTIVE form; it works by binding a nuclear receptor (VDR) that heterodimerises with RXR and binds DNA directly, regulating genes many kilobases from the transcription start site. That is a steroid hormone's mode of action, not a cofactor's. Also names CYP2R1 as the principal 25-hydroxylase and notes that inactivating CYP24A1 mutations probably cause idiopathic infantile hypercalcaemia — evidence that this system can be dangerous when dysregulated.
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Also in Micronutrients
The letter
The full citation list for each investigation, the studies that didn't make the episode, and any corrections — sent the morning it publishes.
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